Actinotignum schaalii infection: Challenges in diagnosis and treatment.

Actinotignum schaalii affects elderly people and is associated with individuals with urological-related predispositions, but can be found in a variety of locations, such as cutaneous, intraabdominal, genitourinary and surgical infections. Disseminated infections occur less frequently and are by and large related to urinary tract colonisation. This pathogen is often neglected due to growth requirements, especially in urinary tract infections. We present 107 Actinotignum schaalii isolated from genitourinary samples (80.4%), from skin and soft tissue infections (13.1%), from bone and deep tissue infection (4.7%) and from blood cultures (1.9%). The automated system Alfred 60/AST was paramount for the isolation of 77.6% of the UTI. All the isolates tested were susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, linezolid, vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampicin and tetracycline. In conclusion, we present a large series of Actinotignum schaalii infections. This pathogen is hard to isolate, and is resistant to commonly used empirical antimicrobials.

Detección de personas en riesgo de padecer diabetes en la farmacia comunitaria con el test de Findrisc en los años 2014-2021 / Detection of people at risk of diabetes in the community pharmacy with the Findrisc test in the years 2014-2021

Objetivo: analizar los resultados de las campañas de SEFAC de cribado del riesgo de padecer diabetes, realizados en las farmacias comunitarias españolas desde 2014. Métodos: estudio descriptivo acumulativo de los resultados de las campañas del Día Mundial de la Diabetes, en 2014, 2016-2018, 2020 y 2021. Pacientes: usuarios ≥18 años no diagnosticados de diabetes con consentimiento firmado. Variables: puntuación del test de Findrisc, media (m) y desviación estándar (DE) y participantes en intervalos de riesgo, n (%). Variables demográficas (sexo, edad) y antropométricas, índice de masa corporal (IMC) (kg/m2), perímetro de cintura (cm), glucemia capilar m (DE) (mg/dl). Resultados: participaron 1.146 farmacéuticos, 12402 usuarios. 8.799 (70,9 %) tenían IMC ≥25 kg/m2. 7366 (59,4 %) tomaban antihipertensivos. 6047 (48,8 %) con perímetro abdominal excesivo. 5962 (48,0 %) tenían antecedentes familiares de diabetes. El riesgo medio (puntuación Findrisc) fue de 11,3 (4,6), sin diferencias entre sexos (p>0,05). El número de participantes con riesgo alto/muy alto (F≥15) fue 3107 (25,0 %) sin diferencias entre sexos (p>0,05). El riesgo alto/muy alto aumenta con la edad, de 282 (15,1 %) personas de 45-54 años hasta 1695 (40,1 %) personas >64 años. Se derivaron al médico 1762 (14,2 %), sin datos de resultado. Tiempo medio de entrevista: 10,3 (5,3) minutos, sin diferencias entre sexos (p>0,05). Conclusiones: la cuarta parte de los encuestados tenían riesgo alto/muy alto y fueron derivados al médico uno de cada siete. Los factores de riesgo más prevalentes fueron IMC, hipertensión arterial, perímetro abdominal y antecedentes familiares de diabetes. Debe mejorarse la comunicación interprofesional, pues no se obtuvo resultado de las derivaciones al médico. (AU)

Aim: To analyze diabetes risk screening using the Findrisc questionnaire, performed in Spanish community pharmacies (CP) since 2014. Methods: Cumulative descriptive study of the results of the World Diabetes Day campaigns, in 2014, 2016-2018, 2020 and 2021. Subjects: users ≥18 years not diagnosed with diabetes with signed consent. Variables: Findrisc test score m (SD) and participants in risk intervals, n (%). Demographic (sex, age) and anthropometric variables, body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), waist circumference (cm), capillary glycemia m (SD) (mg/dl). Results: 1146 pharmacists, 12402 users. 8799 (70.9 %) had BMI ≥25 Kg/m2. 7366 (59.4 %) were taking antihypertensive drugs. 6047 (48.8 %) with unhealthy abdominal perimeter. 5962 (48.0 %) had a family history of diabetes. The mean risk (F score) was 11.3 (4.6), with no differences between sexes (p<0.05). The number of participants with high/very high risk (F≥15) was 3107 (25.0%) with no differences between sexes (p<0.05). High/very high risk increased with age, from 282 (15.1%) persons aged 45-54 years to 1695 (40.1%) persons >64 years. A total of 1762 (14.2% of the total) were referred to a physician.Mean interview time: 10.3 (5.3) minutes, with no differences between sexes (p<0.05). Conclusions: One quarter of the respondents were at high/very high risk and one in seven were referred to a physician. The most prevalent risk factors were BMI, hypertension, abdominal circumference and family history of diabetes. Interprofessional communication should be improved, as no results were obtained from referrals to the physician. (AU)

Assessment of chitosan-based adsorbents for glyphosate removal.

Exposure to glyphosate produces various toxic effects, due to this, different methods have been evaluated for its elimination. The objective of this work was to formulate chitosan-based adsorbents and evaluate their efficiency in the removal of glyphosate in vitro. Four films were made by varying the weight ratio of silica/chitosan particles, and four sponges were made by varying the chitosan/chitosan ratio in a reticulated manner. Both adsorbents were characterized based on their porosity, water absorption, glyphosate removal, and reusability. It was found that increasing the porosity in both films and sponges resulted in an increase in the adsorption efficiency of glyphosate. The adsorption process exhibited a better fit in both adsorbents to the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption of glyphosate to the films fit better with the Langmuir model, demonstrating that the process occurs in the form of a monolayer. In the case of sponges, the adsorption of glyphosate fit better with the Freundlich model, indicating that the process takes place in a multilayer form. Finally, when the reusability was evaluated, the adsorbents showed a loss of effectiveness. However, they still proved to be an efficient alternative for the removal of glyphosate in water, providing a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution.

Identification of Genetic and Genomic Influences on Progressive Ethanol Consumption in Diversity Outbred Mice.

Genetic factors play a significant role in the risk for development of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Using 3-bottle choice intermittent access ethanol (IEA), we have employed the Diversity Outbred (DO) mouse panel as a model of alcohol use disorder in a genetically diverse population. Through use of gene expression network analysis techniques, in combination with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping, we have completed an extensive analysis of the influence of genetic background on gene expression changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). This approach revealed that, in DO mice, genes whose expression was significantly disrupted by intermittent ethanol in the PFC also tended to be those whose expression correlated to intake. This finding is in contrast to previous studies of both mice and nonhuman primates. Importantly, these analyses identified genes involved in myelination in the PFC as significantly disrupted by IEA, correlated to ethanol intake, and having significant eQTLs. Genes that code for canonical components of the myelin sheath, such as Mbp, also emerged as key drivers of the gene expression response to intermittent ethanol drinking. Several regulators of myelination were also key drivers of gene expression, and had significant QTLs, indicating that genetic background may play an important role in regulation of brain myelination. These findings underscore the importance of disruption of normal myelination in the PFC in response to prolonged ethanol exposure, that genetic variation plays an important role in this response, and that this interaction between genetics and myelin disruption in the presence of ethanol may underlie previously observed behavioral changes under intermittent access ethanol drinking such as escalation of consumption.

Farmacovigilancia de las vacunas frente a la COVID-19 en farmacias comunitarias. Resultados tras la segunda dosis y comparación entre ambas / Pharmacovigilance of vaccines against COVID-19 in community pharmacies. Results after the second dose and comparison between both

Objetivos: detección y seguimiento de sospechas de reacciones adversas (RA) en farmacias comunitarias tras la segunda dosis de vacunas frente a la COVID-19. Comparación entre dosis.Material y métodos: diseño: estudio observacional prospectivo.Sujetos: vacunados frente a la COVID-19, mayores de edad, que consintieron participar.Variables: número y porcentaje de participantes con RA. Su número, tipo y frecuencia. Repercusión en su vida diaria. Relaciones entre variables.Aprobado por CEIm-G.Resultados: 693 participantes con la 2ª dosis, 63,6 % mujeres. Edad media 56,8 años. 312 (45,0 %) vacunados, 49,4 % de mujeres y 37,3 % de hombres (p<0,0001), refirieron al menos una RA: 43,9 % con Comirnaty®, 37,7 % con Vaxzevria®, 63,0 % con Spikevax®.Se registraron 972 RA, 75,2 % en mujeres y 24,8 % en hombres (p<0,0001). Media 1,4/vacunado (máximo 11). Las más prevalentes: dolor en punto de inyección 197 (28,4 %), cansancio/fatiga 141 (20,3 %), mialgia 112 (16,2 %), cefalea 95 (13,7 %), fiebre 84 (12,1 %).51 encuestados con RA necesitaron ayuda profesional: 10 del médico, 6 en urgencias, 3 en hospital (1 derivado), 33 en la farmacia. A 70 (15,1 %) les impidió su actividad diaria. Se comunicaron RA de 201 vacunados.Los vacunados con RA y su número fueron menos tras la administración de la 2ª dosis (p<0,05).Relación inversa (p<0,05) entre “edad” y “número de vacunados con RA”, “necesidad de atención profesional” e “impidió la actividad diaria”.Conclusiones: el número de vacunados con RA y su número fue alto también con la segunda dosis, aunque menor que tras la primera. Mujer y menor edad son predictores de riesgo de sufrir RA tras la vacunación frente a COVID-19.(AU)

Factors from healthcare delivery affecting breast cancer survival in a health area of Northern of Spain.

OBJECTIVE: Clinical breast cancer decision-making significantly affects life expectancy and management of hospital resources. The aims of the present study were to estimate the time of survival for breast cancer patients and to identify independent factors from healthcare delivery associated with survival rates in a specific health area of Northern of Spain. METHODS: Survival analysis was conducted among a cohort of 2545 patients diagnosed with breast cancer between 2006 and 2012 from the population breast cancer registry of Asturias-Spain and followed up till 2019. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify the independent prognostic factors of all-cause from death. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rate was 80%. Advanced age (>80 years) (hazard ratio, HR: 4.35; 95% confidence interval, CI: 3.41-5.54), hospitalization in small hospitals (HR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.09-1.97), treatment in oncology wards (HR: 3.57; 95% CI: 2.41-5.27), and length of stay >30 days (HR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.32-3.79) were the main predictors of death. By contrast, breast cancer suspected via screening was associated with a lower risk of death (HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.35-0.87). CONCLUSION: There is room for improvement in survival rates after breast cancer in the health area of Asturias (Northern of Spain). Some healthcare delivery factors, and other clinical characteristics of the tumor influence the survival of breast cancer patients. Strengthening population screening programs could be relevant to increasing survival rates.

Anatomía y diseño de colgajos musculocutáneos en reconstrucción nasal / Anatomy and Design of Musculocutaneous Flaps in Nasal Reconstruction

La nariz es una localización habitual de asiento de tumores cutáneos. Las arterias principales que vascularizan la nariz discurren en el espesor del tejido celular subcutáneo. La disección en el plano submuscular permite diseñar colgajos musculocutáneos fiables y seguros, adaptados a la morfología del defecto. Su gran versatilidad los convierte en colgajos de primera elección para la cobertura de defectos ubicados en localizaciones más complejas, como el canto interno del ojo o el ala nasal. Presentamos la técnica quirúrgica de los colgajos musculocutáneos procerus, nasalis de morfología V-Y y colgajo nasalis de pared lateral empleados tras exéresis tumorales. La descripción se acompaña de imágenes realizadas por los autores en pacientes y en disecciones cadavéricas para la mejor comprensión de dichos colgajos (AU)

The nose is a common site for skin tumors. The main arteries that supply the nose extend through the subcutaneous tissue. Submuscular dissection facilitates the design of safe, reliable musculocutaneous flaps that adapt well to the morphology of nasal defects. The diversity of these flaps makes them the first choice for reconstructing defects in more complex regions, such as the inner canthus of the eye and the nasal ala. We describe the surgical design of the procerus, V-Y nasalis, and lateral wall nasalis musculocutaneous flaps used to repair defects following tumor excision. The descriptions are illustrated by photographs taken by the authors during procedures and in cadaveric dissections (AU)

[Translated article] Anatomy and Design of Musculocutaneous Flaps in Nasal Reconstruction / Anatomía y diseño de colgajos musculocutáneos en reconstrucción nasal

The nose is a common site for skin tumors. The main arteries that supply the nose extend through the subcutaneous tissue. Submuscular dissection facilitates the design of safe, reliable musculocutaneous flaps that adapt well to the morphology of nasal defects. The diversity of these flaps makes them the first choice for reconstructing defects in more complex regions, such as the inner canthus of the eye and the nasal ala. We describe the surgical design of the procerus, V-Y nasalis, and lateral wall nasalis musculocutaneous flaps used to repair defects following tumor excision. The descriptions are illustrated by photographs taken by the authors during procedures and in cadaveric dissections (AU)

La nariz es una localización habitual de asiento de tumores cutáneos. Las arterias principales que vascularizan la nariz discurren en el espesor del tejido celular subcutáneo. La disección en el plano submuscular permite diseñar colgajos musculocutáneos fiables y seguros, adaptados a la morfología del defecto. Su gran versatilidad los convierte en colgajos de primera elección para la cobertura de defectos ubicados en localizaciones más complejas, como el canto interno del ojo o el ala nasal. Presentamos la técnica quirúrgica de los colgajos musculocutáneos procerus, nasalis de morfología V-Y y colgajo nasalis de pared lateral empleados tras exéresis tumorales. La descripción se acompaña de imágenes realizadas por los autores en pacientes y en disecciones cadavéricas para la mejor comprensión de dichos colgajos (AU)

Consensus on complementary feeding from the Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition: COCO 2023.

Complementary feeding (CF) is defined as the feeding of infants that complements breastfeeding, or alternatively, feeding with a breast milk substitute, and is a process that is more than simply a guide as to what and how to introduce foods. The information provided by healthcare professionals must be up-to-date and evidence-based. Most of the recommendations that appear in the different international guidelines and position papers are widely applicable, but some must be regionalized or adapted to fit the conditions and reality of each geographic zone. The Nutrition Working Group of the Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (LASPGHAN) summoned a group of experts from each of the society's member countries, to develop a consensus on CF, incorporating, whenever possible, local information adapted to the reality of the region. The aim of the present document is to show the results of that endeavor. Utilizing the Delphi method, a total of 34 statements on relevant aspects of CF were evaluated, discussed, and voted upon.

Farmacovigilancia de las vacunas frente a COVID-19 en farmacias comunitarias. Resultados tras la primera dosis / Pharmacovigilance of vaccines against COVID-19 in community pharmacies. Results with the first dose

Objetivos: detección, notificación y seguimiento de sospechas de reacciones adversas (RA) tras la administración de la primera dosis de la vacuna frente a la COVID-19 en usuarios de las farmacias comunitarias y su repercusión sobre la salud y vida diaria. Métodos: diseño: observacional prospectivo. Sujetos: personas vacunadas frente a la COVID-19, mayores de edad, que firmaron el consentimiento informado. Variables: número y porcentaje de participantes que presentaban al menos una RA. Número, tipo y frecuencia de posible reactividad. Repercusión en su vida diaria. El estudio fue aprobado por el CEIm-G (Exp. 2021-007).Resultados: colaboraron 10 farmacias de Pontevedra y 2 de Ourense. 781 casos, 488 (62,5 %) mujeres. Edad 56,8 (DE=17,9) años. 389 (49,8 %) en grupo de riesgo.495 (63,4 %) vacunados, 321 mujeres (65,8 %) y 174 (59,4 %) hombres refirieron al menos una RA: 236 (53,0 %) frente a Comirnaty®, 157 (82,6 %) a Vaxzevria®, 69 (66,3 %) a Spikevax® y 33 (80,5) a Janssen®.Se registraron 1.367 RA, 1,8 por persona vacunada. Las más prevalentes (el % es sobre el total de pacientes): dolor en punto de inyección 375 (48,0 %), cansancio/fatiga 170 (21,8 %), escalofríos 118 (15,1 %), cefalea 117 (15,0 %), dolor muscular 112 (14,3 %) y fiebre 98 (12,5 %). De los 495 encuestados con RA, necesitaron ayuda profesional 77 (15,6 %): del médico de familia 30 (39,0 %), 9 (11,7 %) en servicio de urgencias, 1 (1,3 %) en hospital y 37 (48,1 %) en la farmacia. A 118 (15,1 %) les impidió desarrollar su actividad diaria.Se comunicaron las RA que refirieron 264 vacunados (53,3 %).Conclusiones: el número de vacunados que manifestaron haber sufrido RA fue alto. Dolor en el punto de inyección fue la RA más prevalente. La mitad fueron atendidos en la farmacia. Aunque fueron en general leves, afectaron notablemente a su vida diaria. (AU)

Anatomy and Design of Musculocutaneous Flaps in Nasal Reconstruction. / Anatomía y diseño de colgajos musculocutáneos en reconstrucción nasal.

The nose is a common site for skin tumors. The main arteries that supply the nose extend through the subcutaneous tissue. Submuscular dissection facilitates the design of safe, reliable musculocutaneous flaps that adapt well to the morphology of nasal defects. The diversity of these flaps makes them the first choice for reconstructing defects in more complex regions, such as the inner canthus of the eye and the nasal ala. We describe the surgical design of the procerus, V-Y nasalis, and lateral wall nasalis musculocutaneous flaps used to repair defects following tumor excision. The descriptions are illustrated by photographs taken by the authors during procedures and in cadaveric dissections.

Early treatment with JNJ-46356479, a mGluR2 modulator, improves behavioral and neuropathological deficits in a postnatal ketamine mouse model of schizophrenia.

Positive allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2), such as JNJ-46356479 (JNJ), may mitigate the glutamate storm during the early stages of schizophrenia (SZ), which could be especially useful in the treatment of cognitive and negative symptoms. We evaluated the efficacy of early treatment with JNJ or clozapine (CLZ) in reversing behavioral and neuropathological deficits induced in a postnatal ketamine (KET) mouse model of SZ. Mice exposed to KET (30 mg/kg) on postnatal days (PND) 7, 9, and 11 received JNJ or CLZ (10 mg/kg) daily in the adolescent period (PND 35-60). Mice exposed to KET did not show the expected preference for a novel object or for social novelty, but they recovered this preference with JNJ treatment. Similarly, KET group did not show the expected dishabituation in the fifth trial, but mice treated with JNJ or CLZ recovered an interest in the novel animal. Neuronal immunoreactivity also differed between treatment groups with mice exposed to KET showing a reduction in parvalbumin positive cells in the prefrontal cortex and decreased c-Fos expression in the hippocampus, which was normalized with the pharmacological treatment. JNJ-46356479 treatment in early stages may help improve the cognitive and negative symptoms, as well as certain neuropathological deficits, and may even obtain a better response than CLZ treatment. This may have relevant clinical translational applications since early treatment with mGluR2 modulators that inhibit glutamate release at the onset of critical phases of SZ may prevent or slow down the clinical deterioration of the disease.

Campaña de medida de la presión arterial (‘May Measurement Month’) 2019: análisis del cribado en farmacias comunitarias españolas y detección de hipertensión enmascarada / May Measurement Month 2019: Analysis of screening in Spanish community pharmacies and detection of masked hypertension

Objetivo: conocer dentro del proyecto May Measurement Month (MMM), la situación de la presión arterial (PA) en la población española, difundir la importancia de su medida periódica y estimar la prevalencia de hipertensión enmascarada (HEN). Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal en farmacias comunitarias españolas durante mayo de 2019. Sujetos: usuarios adultos que consentían participar. Variables: presión arterial sistólica (PAS), presión arterial diastólica (PAD) en milímetros de mercurio (mmHg), frecuencia cardíaca (FC) en latidos/minuto (lat/min) A los participantes con PA ≥130/85 y <149/90 se les ofrecía realizar automedida (AMPA) para confirmar HEN. Resultados: 491 farmacéuticos recogieron 3.402 registros válidos (61,9% mujeres), edad media 56,6 años. 143 (4,2 %) nunca se habían medido la PA y 918 (27,0 %) no la habían medido en el último año. 1.047 tomaban antihipertensivos, de los que el 45,7 % tenían la PA alta. 780 (22,9 %) participantes tenían valores elevados de PA; ambos, 252 (7,4 %). La PASm fue 125,0 y la PADm 76,5 mmHg, mayor en hombres (p<0,001). La FCm fue de 72,6 lat/min. Se encontró relación directa entre PAS y PAD e IMC (p<0,0001). PADm y FCm fueron mayores en fumadores (p<0,0001). En pacientes diabéticos, PAS, PAD y FC fueron mayores. 61 participantes con sospecha de HEN aceptaron realizar AMPA. 25 (40,1 %) resultaron con PA ≥135/85 mmHg. Conclusiones: casi uno de cada cuatro participantes tenía valores de PA ≥140/90 mmHg. Los factores de riesgo relacionados más estrechamente con la PA elevada fueron sobrepeso, diabetes y edad. El 40 % de las sospechas de HEN se confirmaron mediante AMPA (AU)

Elevación de seno conBetafosfato Tricálcico yposterior colocación deimplantes. A propósito deun caso / Sinus lift with tricalcium beta-phosphate and subsequent implant placement. Case report

La extracción o pérdida dental supone la remodelación del alveolo y una pérdida progresiva del hueso alveolar residual. Esta disminución en altura, debido a la presencia delseno maxilar en el sector posterosuperior, puede comprometer la disponibilidad ósea adecuada para la colocación de implantes. Como solución a esto, surge la técnica de elevación de seno. En esta técnica, se emplean diversos materiales de injerto, entre los que se encuentran el betafosfatotricálcico (b-TCP). Este material presenta propiedades osteoconductivas y osteoinductivas. Además, se reabsorbe más fácil que otros sustitutos óseos y es fácilmente reemplazado por nuevo hueso. Se ha comparado su comportamiento clínico con otros materiales de injerto, sin encontrar diferencias significativas. Además, a 10 años, los implantes colocados en elevaciones de seno realizadas con b-TCP han mostrado altas tasas de supervivencia. Caso clínico. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente, mujer de 52 años de edad, sin antecedentes médicos de interés. Acude a consulta por dolor en el 26. Tras la exploración diagnóstica radiológica e intrabucal se aconsejó a la paciente la extracción del 26. Ocho meses después, y realizando un estudio con CBCT se informó a la paciente sobre la posibilidad de rehabilitación con implantes, previa cirugía de elevación sinusal. Se realizó la elevación sinusal con b-TCP como material de injerto. Pasados tres meses, se procedió a la colocación de tres implantes, adquiriendo estos una buena estabilidad primaria Discusión y conclusiones. Se utilizan diversos materiales de injerto en la técnica de elevación sinusal, injertos de hueso autólogo, xenoinjertos e injerto aloplásticos. Se ha comparado el comportamiento clínico del b-TCP con otros materiales de injerto sin mostrar diferencias significativas. Por otro lado, se ha estudiado un periodo de espera menor a 6 (AU)

Tooth extraction or loss involves alveolar remodelling and progressive loss of residual alveolar bone. This reduction in height, due to the presence of the maxillary sinus in the posterosuperior sector, can compromise adequate bone availability for implant placement. The sinus lift technique has emerged as a solution to this problem. In this technique, various grafting materials are used, including beta-phosphatidic acid (b-TCP). This material has osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. In addition, it is more easily resorbed than other bone substitutes and is easily replaced by new bone. Its clinical behaviour has been compared with other graft materials, without finding significant differences. In addition, at 10 years, implants placed in sinus lifts performed with b-TCP have shown high survival rates. Clinical case: The clinical case of a 52-year-old female patient with no medical history of interest is presented. She went for consultation due to pain in tooth 26. Following the radiological and intraoral diagnostic examination, the patient was advised to have tooth 26 extracted. Eight months later, and after a CBCT study, the patient was informed about the possibility of rehabilitation with implants, following sinus lift surgery. The sinus lift was performed with b-TCP as graft material. After three months, three implants were placed, acquiring a good primary stability. Discussion and conclusions: different graft materials are used in the sinus lift technique, autologous bone grafts, xenografts and alloplastic grafts. The clinical performance of b-TCP has been compared with no significant differences found. Furthermore, a waiting period of less than 6 months has been studied for the placement of implants. These implants showed high primary stability and survival rates of 99-100%. Therefore, b-TCP is a safe material for sinus lifts and allows the placement of implants in a healing time of less than 6 months (AU)